The landform and soils of the Avon Region have been mapped within Soil-Landscape Zones that are related to the ancient and rejuvenated drainage zones of the region. There are 9 Land Resource Sub-regions within these zones in the Avon Region. Approximately 150 Land Systems and 900 Land Sub-systems (soil-landform units) have been mapped within the sub-regions. The application of digital elevation models (DEMs) and high-resolution radiometric information adds value to understanding the distribution of soils in the region. The Land Systems can be identified in three broad categories for management:

1. Uplands
2. Mid-slopes
3. Valleys

The Land Resource assets are identified by grouping of Land Systems within the broad categories. However, available information does not allow the Land Systems to be consistently grouped according to these categories so the Land Resource Sub-regions are currently adopted as the assets. The topographical sequence of Land Systems from uplands to valleys provides an important basis for integrated action for NRM implemented at a landscape scale.

The soils of the Avon River Basin can be generally described as being of low fertility. Duplex textured profiles are most common in which sub-soils have low hydraulic conductivity. Deep sandy soils have a naturally acidic trend. The dominant soil types are shown in the Land Resource Supporting Document.